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ACHIEVEMENTS
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH COUNCIL
(An agency of the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Investment)
Celebrating Over Forty
Years of Achievement
1960 – 2007
Empowering Lives! Creating Wealth!
Waste Management / Alternate
Energy
The Scientific Research Council is the sole provider
of anaerobic technology in Jamaica. The SRC provides
technical support to the National Water Commission,
communities, schools, farmers and housing developers
in commissioning and maintaining waste treatment systems.
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Reuse
of treated sewage and wastewater for irrigation and
soil conditioning. Impact:
Sidgrains pilot project established and demonstrated
that treated wastewater can grow crops economically,
and reduce the use of potable water for irrigation.
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Biogas/Anaerobic
Technology developed to promote the use of
alternate sources of energy, supplement total energy
demand, utilize waste and provide organic fertilizer
and biogas while preserving healthy environment. SRC
has commissioned over 150 biodigesters on farms/households
island-wide. Since 1993 SRC has enhanced this technology
with the development of polishing ponds. The ponds
utilize air to further treat water after it leaves
the drying bed.
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1996 – Development of Biodigester
Septic Tanks (BST) to
replace septic tanks. BST uses anaerobic technology
to treat household waste. SRC works with housing developers
and communities to implement BST.
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2002 – Development of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket
(UASB) Reactor. Utilizes anaerobic technology
to treat industrial, agro-processing and municipal
waste. This refined anaerobic system, efficiently
treats complex waste. The Process Development Division
of the SRC is currently commissioning a UASB reactor
(the first in Jamaica) to treat food waste produced
by the Food Technology Institute at SRC.
Agro
Industry
A number of new food products are developed from local
raw materials for commercialization and subsequent divestment
to private sector. These activities provide socio-economic
benefits to Jamaica in areas such as income generation
and employment creation. SRC provides
training and consultancy services, enabling the
development and establishment of micro-businesses.
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Pioneered Development of Solar
Crop Dryer, designed to dry spices, nuts, fruits and
vegetables to obtain higher earnings. SRC encouraged
small farmers and exporters to use solar drying technology
to preserve pineapple, paw paw, mangoes, peanuts,
peas, ginger, pepper and banana. Impact: Extended
shelf life of tropical fruits and vegetables and diminish
loss incurred during storage. Development of value
added foods
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1984 - Solar Salt Technology
developed to produce solar salt by evaporation. Impact: Provide solar salt, used as raw material for the growth
of chemical industries, producing caustic soda and
plastic resins – chemicals which Jamaica import
at costs exceeding US$60 million annually. Technology
transferred to local entrepreneur in 2001 with potential
to create employment.
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1984 - Introduced New Variety
of Sugarcane - Worked with Sugar Industry Research
Institute towards introducing a new variety of sugar
cane, called energy cane, that would yield a higher
increase in sucrose content and greater volume of
molasses and fibre.
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Developed technology for the
crystallizing and syruping of ginger. Technology transferred
locally.
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Developed and put into effect
sophisticated technology for making multi-purpose
caramel. Technology transferred locally.
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Developed composite flours
comprising of 20%-30% indigenous material (yam, breadfruit,
cassava, banana), as a substitute for imported wheat
flour. Especially suited for persons who are allergic
to gluten found in wheat.
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Contributed to the Development
of Local Industries - Developed suite of award winning
sorrel products under the Hope Gardens Jamaica label
and stimulated demand for agricultural produce. Utilizes
local produce (sugar, ginger, mango, guava, pineapple
and spices) in the making of value-added products.
Natural Products and Analytical
Services
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Nitrogen Fixation – development
in nitrogen fixation through locally developed strains
of Rhizobia will allow up to 50% increase in yield
of legume, crops (notably red peas). Experiment conducted
in St. Catherine proved that potassium improved the
growth and nodulation of red peas. The addition of
inoculants phosphate and potassium yielded a 23% increase
in red peas per hectare.
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Isolated narigin, the bitter
principle of grapefruit. Synthesized narigin dehydrochalcone
(100 times sweeter than sugar).
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Developed a process for the
isolation of pectin from lime peel. Pectin is used
as thickening agent in food.
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Prepared levulinic and oxalic
acids from molasses. These acids are fine chemicals
for pharmaceuticals and agricultural pesticides.
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Prepared furfural from bagasse,
coconut-shell and coffee husks. Furfural is a fine
chemical for agricultural pesticides, plastics as
well as refinery chemical for lubricating oils.
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Prepared sebacic acid, food
flavouring, plasticizer and perfumery chemicals from
castor oil.
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Developed an efficient process
for the production of ginger oleoresin, the essential
ingredient in ginger flavour. This should eliminate
high transportation and export costs for root ginger
making it more economically feasible.
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Prepared cellulosic derivatives
(applicable to the surfactant, detergent and protective
coating industries) from bagasse and coconut husks.
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Prepared modified cassava starch
for application in baby foods and sauces. Modified
cassava is easily digested.
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Developed an analytic method
of evaluating the pungent principles (gingerol, shogaols)
of ginger. These are indices of ginger quality for
the world market.
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Developed procedure for extracting
the colouring principle (bixin) from annatto. Renders
annatto more useable as colouring matter for foods.
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Fermented flavouring chemicals
e.g. monosodium glutamate and citric acid, reducing
the need for importation of these products annually.
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Synthesized carvone –
a peppermint flavoured chemical – from limonene,
a chemical from citrus oils. Carvone is utilized in
the flavouring of liqueurs, candles and toothpaste.
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Isolated a new essential oil
with perfumery characteristics from Merchanthis fragrans
(a wild plant).
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Prepared sucrose esters for
detergent purposes. Esters help particles to stick
together.
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Developed
sun tan lotion using local oils. (Commercialized by
local manufacturer).
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Perfected the complexity of
assaying the toxic level of hypoglycin in the Ackee
fruit.
Food and Nutrition
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Evaluation
of feeding programmes – was instrumental
in bringing about guidelines for the proper feeding
of students in residence in schools and children’s
homes, and adults in penal institutions.
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The introduction to
Jamaica of enriched
formulations (patties and quick bread) for
the School Feeding Programme. Impact: Provision of
nutritional meal for students.
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Participation
in the formulation, evaluation and execution of the
National Food and Nutrition Policy. Impact:
Influence policy development and implementation.
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The
development of enriched crackers and biscuits for
use in maternal and child health programmes.
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Production
of an in-depth series of nutrition education material,
which comprise films, slides and various publications.
Notable of mention are the following publications:
“Breadfruit for economy Pt. 1” – (selection of recipes designed to illustrate the diversified
use of the breadfruit).
Some publications for children are ‘Farmer Brown’,
‘Food We Eat’, ‘Jimmy Whitestrong’
and ‘Nutrition in Rhymes’.
Mineral Resources
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Mineral
Resources Pilot Project – Utilized local
raw material to make clay tiles, ceramics and sanitary
ware.
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Developed
acid resistant floor tiles, decorative pieces,
drain pipes and roof tiles.
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Researched
and developed clay bricks and blocks as part of a
low-cost housing programme.
Impact:
Local ceramic
industry benefited from the SRC’s research work
in the use of fluxes and glazes for stone and earthenware.
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Ceramic products prepared from
Frenchman’s clay using local sand as a source
of silica and imported nepheline syenite as flux.
Satisfactory wares were made. Impact:
Substitution of the imported nepheline by the locally
abundant Newcastle prophyry rock.
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Researched
and promoted a limestone deposit to maximize
the use of the Island’s extensive limestone
resources. Impact: Whiting developed resulting in
import substitution.
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Red
mud -Through a pilot project, levels for the
use of red mud in cement manufacturing, and the production
of red mud refractory bricks for use in manufacture
of ceramic kilns established.
Technologies/ Processes Developed
- Service To Industry
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1983 - Devised means of making Invert Sugar
that was previously imported by Electric Arc Jamaica
Ltd., for use in the production of welding rods. Saved
expenditure of scarce foreign exchange.
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1987
to 1993 - Isolated insecticides/pesticides from
local plants for commercial use against ticks
and fleas.
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1984
- Rat Bait Developed. SRC in collaboration
with Storage and Infestation Division developed rat
bait, made in cake form, utilizing relatively new
compound. The bait is suitable for homes, warehouses
and fields and can withstand any climatic condition.
Commercialized in 1989.
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Soya
Bean Processing Project Initiated. SRC in collaboration
with Nutrition Holdings and the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Investment did a feasibility study and submitted
it along with recommendations to the Ministry, for
the erection of a three hundred (300) ton per day
processing plant at Port Esquivel. Recommendations
were accepted and the plant was operationalized.
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Identified
Potatoes Suitable for making French Fries.
Conducted studies on 36 varieties of potatoes and
assisted farmers in identifying varieties of potatoes
(Belchip and F74123 (Canadian) and Crystal and Russett-Burbank
(American) and Cardinal (Dutch) suitable for making
French fries in the fast food business. Increased
utilization of potatoes by over 1,000 tons annually.
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Spice
Industry - benefit from the development
of jerk seasoning formula.
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Food
and Meat Industry - benefited from dried
meat sausage that needed no refrigeration.
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Food
industry - benefited from heat penetration
process for low acid canned foods, which allowed the
export of low acid canned foods including callaloo,
red peas and ackee.
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Biovegetal
(organic fertilizer) - utilized waste, which
could be harmful to the environment, to produce up
to 10,000 tons of locally produced organic fertilizer.
Implications - reduce importation of chemical
fertilizer and significant reduction in fertilizer
prices to the agricultural sector. Benefit to horticulture,
tree crops and vegetable farmers while contributing
to making environment healthy.
Aquaculture Industry
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Artemia - (Brine Shrimp) – Artemia is important
as a starter feed. Most fish need live feed after
hatching. The goal of the Artemia project is to support
the aqua-culture industry by providing locally produced
fish feed; reducing the cost of some of the ingredients
of fish feed, and the final cost to the consumer.
Impact: Developed novel fish feed products – decapsulated and normal brine shrimp eggs available
in cans produced from Artemia grown in Yallahs Salt
Ponds for ornamental fish industry. Reduce importation,
saving foreign exchange.
Agricultural/Horticultural Sector
Mushroom Cultivation
– promote cultivation of oyster mushroom.
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Establish feasibility
for growing mushroom locally. Provide technical
assistance and spawn to farmers facilitating the commercial
production and sale of local mushroom.
- Solved pests
and disease problems affecting mushroom
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Recycling and
composting using spent mushroom waste. Successfully
established a composting system, using mushroom and
other organic waste.
· Compost produced and sold locally.
· Provide training and consultancy service
to mushroom farmers.
Popularization of Science and Technology
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Science
and Essay & Poster Competition for secondary
and high school students that portray application
of S&T and seek to develop students’ awareness
of S&T and careers in science. Launched in High
schools in 1984. Now in High Schools and Primary schools
island-wide.
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STIN
Network – 1984 SRC named the focal
point for STIN Network. STIN is an integration of
libraries, documentation centers, and other information
units involved in S&T. Its primary objective is
to enable users to have ready access to S&T information
available both locally and overseas. Benefits: efficient
utilization of limited resources – comparative
acquisition, reduction in duplication and wider availability
of information.
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Caribbean Energy Information
System (CEIS) – SRC is the regional
focal point for the CEIS network. The network consists
of eighteen countries committed to the pooling and
exchange of energy information. CEIS has spearheaded
programmes aimed at educating policy makers and consumers
about clean technology, reducing energy costs, and
renewable energy.
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Information Dissemination:
Participate in Agricultural Shows and exposition,
public forum, present papers locally and overseas;
publish Science & Technology (S&T) articles
in international reference journals. Publication of
scientific journals (Jamaica Journal of S&T).
“SRC,
Making Science And Technology Work For You”
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